Muscle synergy5/21/2023 ![]() Step length asymmetry is representative of compensatory mechanisms used in post-stroke hemiparetic walking. Association between gait asymmetry and brain lesion location in stroke patients. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.12.023Īlexander LD, Black SE, Patterson KK, Gao F, Danells CJ, McIlroy WE. High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation enhanced treadmill training effects on gait performance in individuals with chronic stroke: A double-blinded randomized controlled pilot trial. Biomechanical variables related to walking performance 6-months following post-stroke rehabilitation. Hall AL, Bowden MG, Kautz SA, Neptune RR. Analysis of impairments influencing gait velocity and asymmetry of hemiplegic patients after mild to moderate stroke. Rehabilitation with increased lower-limb flexion may be effective for the training of patients with merging of modules 3 and 4 in comfortable walking. This subtype classification of walking impairments based on the merging pattern of the muscle synergies could be useful for the selection of a rehabilitation strategy according to the individual's particular neurological condition. A more complex muscle synergy was observed only in subtype 3 in the p-long condition versus cws (p = 0.036). In the cws condition, the lower-limb flexion angle was reduced in subtype 3, and the lower-limb extension angle was decreased in subtype 1. We identified three merging subtypes: module 1 with module 2 (subtype 1), module 1 with module 4 (subtype 2), and module 3 with module 4 (subtype 3). Subtype classification was based on the merging pattern of the muscle synergies, and we examined the effect of different lower-limb angles on the muscle synergies. Lower-limb flexion and extension angles and the electromyogram were measured during walking. Forty-one participants were assessed under three conditions: cws, long stepping on the paretic side (p-long), and long stepping on the non-paretic side (np-long). We also examined the effect of experimental lower-limb angle modulation on the muscle synergy patterns of walking in each subtype. Due to the linear nature of the methods commonly used for extracting muscle synergies, those methods fail to represent agonist-antagonist muscle relationships in the extracted synergies. This study aimed to determine the muscle-synergy merging subtypes of post-stroke during comfortable walking speed (cws). Extracting muscle synergies from EMG data is a widely used method in motor related research. However, post-stroke individuals with a merging pattern of module 3 (hip flexor and ankle dorsiflexor) and module 4, which is the swing-muscle synergy, have not been reported. In some patients, the muscle synergy termed module 1 (hip/knee extensors) is merged with module 2 (ankle plantar flexors), and in other cases, module 1 is merged with module 4 (knee flexors). Muscle Synergy may be especially useful for individuals 40 years of age or older.In post-stroke patients, muscle synergy (the coordination of motor modules during walking) is impaired.Anyone who wants to maximize pumps and boost muscle size and strength gains.At the same time, clinical doses of HMB and creatine boost muscle size and strength gains above and beyond what can be achieved with training alone. Unique formula: Muscle Synergy contains over 8,500 mg total of arginine and citrulline, amino acids that act synergistically to promote bigger, longer-lasting pumps. They like that it makes their body look hard and defined, not bulky or bloated. The results: Men and women report that they build muscle and get leaner at the same time while using Muscle Synergy. Fortified with the leucine metabolite HMB, Muscle Synergy also promotes recovery and defends you against age-associated muscle loss. Available in tablets and a ready-to-mix powder, Muscle Synergy contains a potent blend of clinically dosed ingredients that work synergistically to take your pumps, strength, and muscle development to the promised land. ![]()
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